DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC BASED ANION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE ELECTROLYZER FOR HYDROZEN PRODUCTION

Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis is a new technique that can fill the gap between traditional alkaline electrolysis and expensive proton exchange membrane (PEM) systems. This through analysis covers operating parameters, membrane – electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication techniques, necessary materials (membranes, catalysts, ionomers), and system -level Integration in order to summarise current advancements in AEM water electrolysis. The technique combines the economic advantage of alkaline electrolysis, such as the use of platinum -group -metal- free (PGM- free) Catalysts and stainless -steel bipolar plates, with the compactness, dynamic responsiveness, and pure water operation of PEM systems. However, there are still a lot of un answered questions. The primary obstacles to industrial commercialization are membrane breakdown mechanisms, limited long- term durability (now usually below 2000 h in laboratory experiments), and inadequate chemical stability in alkaline settings. This review indicates the activation polarization dominates cell voltage losses, membrane ionic conductivity and stability need to be significantly enhanced, and systematic integration methods with intermittent renewable energy resources are currently lacking. This work includes a literature reviews as well as MATLAB /Simulink – based system- level model of an AEM electrolyser connected to renewable energy sources. To optimize power transfer and operating conditions at the electrolyser terminals, a DC-DC buck converter and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used. We suggest a research roadmap towards technology readiness level (TRL) 4-5 systems appropriate for pilot-scale deployment, based on significant discoveries from scholarly studies published between 2012 and 2025 and recent commercial demonstrations. For successful largescale commercialization of AEM water electrolysers, the study emphasizes the necessity of coordinated development of chemically stable membranes with ionic conductivity ≥ 100 mS/cm under Operating conditions, robust PGM- free catalyst systems, a mechanistic understanding of degradation pathways, and validated dynamic control strategies, such as MPPT- based power conditioning via DC-DC converters.